Treatment Outcome and Prognostic Factors for Survival in Patients with Gastric Cancer: A Retrospective Cohort Analysis: Treatment Outcome and Prognostic Factors for Survival in Patients with Gastric Cancer
Treatment Outcome and Prognostic Factors for Survival in Patients with Gastric Cancer
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- Articles
- Submited: August 21, 2024
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Published: October 1, 2024
Abstract
Introduction: Gastric cancer is the fifth most often diagnosed cancer and the third most frequent reason of cancer death worldwide. It is also associated with a lack of standard treatment strategies, particularly following first-line therapy. In Ethiopia, the survival status of gastric cancer patients was not well understood.
Objective: This study aimed to determine the clinical outcomes and prognostic factors for survival among gastric cancer (GC) patients in the adult oncology unit of Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Methods: Hospital-based retrospective cohort study was conducted on 164 study participants recruited from patient registry between 1 January 2016 to 31 December 2020. Data was collected using a structured tool from medical records and telephone interviews Data analysis was performed using Descriptive and inferential statistics.
Results: The median (±SD) age of the study participants at diagnosis was 48.50 ±14.48 years. Adenocarcinoma accounted for 73.8% of the cases. Regarding clinical stage, 92 (56.1%) of the patients were diagnosed with stage IV and 84 (51.2%) of the cases had metastasized cancer, of which 47 (28.7%) participants presented with liver metastasis. About 40% (65) of the cases were treated with partial gastrostomy followed by bypass surgery. At the end of treatment follow-up, 110 (67.1%) of the patients were dead. A 5-year overall survival rate was 11% with a median survival time of 18.6 months. In multivariate logistic regression, ECOG ≥ 2 (AHR= 2.5, P=0.001), adenocarcinoma histologic type (AHR=0.4, P=0.004),ovary metastasis (AHR=2.9, P=0.035), liver + lung metastasis (AHR=2.4, P= 0.048), paclitaxel + carboplatin chemotherapy (AHR=0.3, P= 0.044) were found to significantly affect survival of the GC patients.
Conclusion: The survival outcome of gastric cancer is low and requires early detection in this study setting. The findings underscore the importance of early detection and tailored treatment approaches based on prognostic factors.
Key words: Gastric cancer, treatment outcome, prognostic factor, Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital.
